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Towards a bottom-up understanding of antimicrobial use and resistance on the farm: A knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey across livestock systems in five African countries

Towards a bottom-up understanding of antimicrobial use and resistance on the farm: A knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey across livestock systems in five African countries

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dc.contributor.author Mark A. Caudell
dc.contributor.author Alejandro Dorado-Garcia
dc.contributor.author Suzanne Eckford
dc.contributor.author Denis K. Byarugaba
dc.contributor.author Kofi Afakye
dc.contributor.author Tamara Chansa-Kabali
dc.contributor.author Emmanuel Kabali
dc.contributor.author Stella Kiambi
dc.contributor.author Tabitha Kimani
dc.contributor.author Geoffrey Mainda
dc.contributor.author Peter Mangesho
dc.contributor.author Francis Chimpangu
dc.contributor.author Kululeko Dube
dc.contributor.author Bashiru Boi Kikimoto
dc.contributor.author Eric Koka
dc.contributor.author Tendai Mugara
dc.contributor.author Samuel Swiswa
dc.date.accessioned 2021-01-11T13:51:41Z
dc.date.available 2021-01-11T13:51:41Z
dc.date.issued 2019
dc.identifier.uri https://combine.alvar.ug/handle/1/49443
dc.description.abstract Abstract The nutritional and economic potentials of livestock systems are compromised by the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. A major driver of resistance is the misuse and abuse of antimicrobial drugs. The likelihood of misuse may be elevated in low- and middle-income countries where limited professional veterinary services and laissez faire access to drugs are assumed to promote non-prudent practices (e.g., self-administration of drugs). The extent of these practices, as well as the knowledge and attitudes motivating them, are largely unknown within most agricultural communities in low- and middle-income countries. The main objective of this study was to document dimensions of knowledge, attitudes and practices related to antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in livestock systems and identify the livelihood factors associated with these dimensions. A mixed-methods ethnographic approach was used to survey households keeping layers in Ghana (N=110) and Kenya (N=76), pastoralists keeping cattle, sheep, and goats in Tanzania (N=195), and broiler farmers in Zambia (N=198), and Zimbabwe (N=298). Across countries, we find that it is individuals who live or work at the farm who draw upon their knowledge and experiences to make decisions regarding antimicrobial use and related practices. Input from animal health professionals is rare and antimicrobials are sourced at local, privately owned agrovet drug shops. We also find that knowledge, attitudes, and particularly practices significantly varied across countries, with poultry farmers holding more knowledge, desirable attitudes, and prudent practices compared to pastoralists households. Multivariate models showed that variation is related to several factors, including education, disease dynamics on the farm, and sources of animal health information. Study results emphasize that interventions to limit antimicrobial resistance must be founded upon a bottom-up understanding of antimicrobial use at the farm-level given limited input from animal health professionals and under-resourced regulatory capacities within most low- and middle-income countries. Establishing this bottom-up understanding across cultures and production systems will inform the development and implementation of the behavioral change interventions to combat AMR globally.
dc.publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
dc.title Towards a bottom-up understanding of antimicrobial use and resistance on the farm: A knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey across livestock systems in five African countries
dc.type Preprint
dc.identifier.doi 10.1101/703298
dc.identifier.mag 2957514161
dc.identifier.lens 019-511-276-945-086
dc.identifier.spage 703298
dc.subject.lens-fields Livestock
dc.subject.lens-fields Agriculture
dc.subject.lens-fields Business
dc.subject.lens-fields Pastoralism
dc.subject.lens-fields Psychological intervention
dc.subject.lens-fields Tanzania
dc.subject.lens-fields Livelihood
dc.subject.lens-fields Socioeconomics
dc.subject.lens-fields Antimicrobial
dc.subject.lens-fields Antibiotic resistance


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